What are the ineffective and effective measures of bullying?

This question is from study sync Bullying in Schools and they both have to have 3 options

My question is: what are the ineffective and effective measures of bullying?

options:

1.Top-Down approaches that help label students as either perpetrators or victims

2. Zero-tolerance policies against bullying

3. Laws requiring teachers and students to report bullying they witness

4.No protocol for bullying investigations

5. Disciplinary action against bullying that happens away from school

6. Anti-bullying coordinators in every school