Aristotle: Nicomachean Ethics
What are Aristotle’s 2 main criteria for “voluntary action”?
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Aristotle cites two essential criteria for voluntary action: (1) actions that are not under compulsion; and (2) actions that are performed “owing to ignorance”. If these two conditions are not fulfilled, then the action cannot be considered to be morally praiseworthy or blameworthy.
Aristotle, Nichomachean Ethics, Book III