How did the training of and the beliefs of the Japanese soldiers differ from those of the U.S. Marines?

In Japanese society the men were taught that honor was everything. Life was literally not worth living without honor, and honor for the military man was found in dying a glorious death for the Emperor. The Japanese abhorrence of surrender, preferring death to the dishonor of being a prisoner, would be the most notable masculine idea impressed upon American troops, according to Lynn. Japanese reactions to prisoners, then, was one powered by both race and gender. Japanese soldiers judged American troops by Japanese standards of masculinity. Men who allowed themselves to be taken prisoner did not have the right to be treated as men....Combining a desire to protect the divine race with a masculine ideal which climaxed in death for the Emperor was a recipe for brutal warfare, especially between Japanese Imperial Troops and American Marines.

Neither the Japanese Imperial Troops nor the American Marines saw the other as human once the opponent failed to live up to the racial and gender expectations of the other. Lynn writes that the Japanese fully expected the Americans, as men, to die before surrendering. The Americans, Lynn also says, came from a culture which accepted the idea that a soldier had the ability to surrender with honor intact.