How do the mounting troubles at court get reflected in the characters actions and words?

Gertrude relates Hamlet's behavior to Claudius and Claudius worries that had he been hidden in her bedroom, he (Claudius) might have been killed. He decides he has to get Hamlet out of town and so sends him to England under the "ruse" of collecting tribute from the King of England. In fact, he is send orders to execute Hamlet; Hamlet discovers the orders and instead sends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to their deaths. To finish the Act, the court finds that Ophelia has gone "mad" with grief over her father's death; Laertes wants to get revenge for his father's death; Hamlet has returned to Denmark.