What phylosophical, political and religious elements appear in Lord of the flies?

Hey, this is a pretty big question for the space. The whole book can be seen as a Biblical allusion if you want. There is of course the Darwinian survival of the fittest and Freudian "Id" complex combined with some latent sexual desire. It's really a very broad question. Check out the GradeSaver themes page and some of this will be there,

http://www.gradesaver.com/lord-of-the-flies/study-guide/major-themes/