Who is Anwar Al-Sadat? Why did he offer refuge to the Shah?

Jimmy Carter, President of the United States, refuses to give refuge to the Shah. Mr. Satrapi says, “Carter has forgotten his friends. All that interests him is oil.” Her father insists that Anwar Al-Sadat, leader of Egypt,  will accept him into Egypt because they have been friends since both betraying their region by making a pact with Israel. Marjane does not understand. Her father declares, “as long as there is oil in the middle east we will never have peace.” As a large snake wraps around the frame, her mother and father decide to talk about something else “now that the devil has left!”