Why does Coelho open with the modified myth of Narcissus? How does the new version differ from the original one? How does it change the myth’s meaning? What might the author be suggesting about how we perceive ourselves and the world?

The story of Narcissus highlights the question of selfishness, a question which is at the center of The Alchemist. Is it possible to pursue one's own personal desires while living a good life? In the case of Santiago, the answer is a resounding yes - making the image of Narcissus (who became a flower through his selfishness) especially appropriate.