who is to blame for Brunos and shmuels death?

To say this is a complicated question is understating it. Bruno and Shmuel spend their last afternoon together inside the fence, with Bruno dressed in striped pajamas. He has planned to help Shmuel find Shmuel's father when they are herded with a group into a gas chamber. Although the boys assume, they are inside where they are out of the rain, they are, in fact, about to die. One of the last images the reader has is of the boys holding hands, firmly convinced they will not let go. Bruno's father obviously is commandant of the camp and is therefore at some level responsible. The Nazis who envisioned the Holocaust are also responsible.

he was killed to death

Every body is to blame

Shmuel - Lured bruno into the camp

Maria, Mother, Gretel - all three of them could have told bruno the truth

Father - commondant of deathcamp

Nazis - The holocaust causers

Bruno - chose to disobey rules and did everything himself

Because bruno wanted to have funΒ

It is the Fury's or Hitler's fault because if he didn't hate the Jews and give Father this job then Bruno and Shmuel would have not been there.

I don’t think it was ANYBODIES fault that Bruno died. As evil as the Nazis were, they didn’t have any intention of killing young innocent Bruno - they just wanted to kill all Jews and disabled. And Shmuel didn’t know that ther were gas chambers so he had no clue Bruno could die he was just a bit ignorant.

i guess bruno is black