The corruption demonstrated by all the characters is on a level far below any grand sort of evil. There are not truly evil bureaucrats pulling the strings of darkness, Gogol suggests, but rather an enormous collective exhibition of inexhaustible mediocrity that, taken together, creates a service of evil. One of the most unusual aspects of the play is that it doesn’t contain a villain, nor does it contain anyone that might be characterized as a hero. The real villain of the piece is the complicity of those who accept that bureaucratic tyranny: without them, the tyranny not be sustained. The social change is a change in thinking away from bureaucratic greed and self-indulgence.