What beliefs and attitudes does daru have?

You might want to begin with gradesaver's summary for this unit. I have provided a direct link below fir the novel's themes; you will find quite a few details in this section;

http://www.gradesaver.com/the-guest/study-guide/major-themes/

Daru is a Frenchman who feels at home in Algeria. He desperately wants to be accepted by the native population but will always remain an outsider because of his ethnicity. He teaches in a small school in the mountains. He is revolted by violence even though the threat of violence is all around him. His beliefs are tested when he feels forced to deliver the Arab prisoner to a French police station. Daru does not want to be a part of French Colonialism yet, by his physical features, he can't escape it.