what is the significance of odysseus begging from the suitors on his return to his house. why is he doing this

Odysseus needs to get in the house and can do so as an old beggar. He must assess the threat that they represent. He also is treated badly which reinforces his desire for vengeance.

Odysseus is planning rather than acting rashly. By using patience and giving himself the opportunity to see exactly who and what he is dealing with, he negates any reason for the suitors to suspect ot attack him.