Irony of Admiration
Wilma Rudolph's athletic achievements are admired by the author and her friend Denise, who cheer for her Olympic victories and celebrate her physical prowess. However, the author later discusses how girls in their world had to struggle for permission to love sports. This creates an irony because the admiration for Rudolph's athleticism contrasts with society's reluctance to embrace girls' involvement in sports.
Musical Irony
In one scene, the narrator discusses the music of Erroll Garner and Bud Powell. The choice of music such as "Tenderly" and "Strictly Confidential" adds irony to the narrative. The music is often described in terms of elegance and emotional depth yet the characters in the memoir—including the author's father and Bud Powell—experience personal struggles and emotional pain. For instance, the father's tendency to focus on negative experiences from the past despite being surrounded by his family during the holidays. The contrast between the beautiful music and the inner turmoil of the characters is an ironic juxtaposition.
Exclusionary Aesthetic
Jefferson highlights the exclusionary nature of Willa Cather's aesthetic. While she envisions a comprehensive American classicism, it seems to require the imprimatur of milky white skin. Despite America being a diverse nation, Cather's vision of greatness in art is limited by a specific racial ideal. The irony lies in the fact that while Cather was celebrated for her artistic exploration, she did not extend that curiosity to the experiences of African Americans. This speaks to the larger issue of how even prominent figures in literature could be influenced by the racial prejudices of their era.
Foreboding of Achievement
The author's father—a pediatrician—is depicted as an exemplary colleague, loyal friend, and benevolent provider. However, he struggles with depression and racial injustices throughout his life. The irony lies in the contrast between his outward success and the inner battles he faces, which are largely unacknowledged by society. The author discusses the foreboding that often accompanies pride in an outstanding achievement, particularly for those who have faced discrimination. This is ironic because achieving success should be a source of celebration. However, for marginalized individuals, it can be accompanied by anxiety that any misstep will reinforce negative stereotypes.
