1 What was the author’s role in the Vietnam War? A soldier in the army A war correspondent for a military newspaper A war correspondent for a major newspaper A civilian critic 2 Which two major historical events most shaped the author as a young man? The civil rights movement and the Cold War The Vietnam War and the Cold War The Korean War and American counterculture The Vietnam War and the civil rights movement 3 Which book first brought Yusef Komunyakaa critical acclaim? Neon Vernacular (1993) Talking Dirty to the Gods (2000) Dien Cai Dau (1988) The Pleasure Dome (2001) 4 Which 21-year-old artist designed the Vietnam Veterans Memorial? Maya Lin Laura Ann Jacobs Anne Chu Raymond Persinger 5 Which is an example of a metaphor? Half-expecting to find / my own in letters like smoke My clouded reflection eyes me / like a bird of prey. I’m stone. I’m flesh. A red bird’s / wings cutting across my stare 6 Which is an example of a simile? In the black mirror / a woman’s trying to erase names. My clouded reflection eyes me / like a bird of prey. I see the booby trap’s white flash. I turn / this way—the stone lets me go. 7 Who is the name “Andrew Johnson” in reference to? A former president A dead soldier Neither option Potentially both options 8 What is the significance of the number 58,022? The known number of American soldiers dead or missing from the Vietnam War at one point in the 1980s Neither option The total number of American and Vietnamese casualties of the Vietnam War Both options 9 Which is an example of assonance in the poem? Granite / dammit Letters like smoke My black face fades I’m stone. I’m flesh. 10 What is a metonym? a true statement which seems self-contradictory a word used to stand in for another, closely related word, like "the crown" as substitute for a monarch or monarchy the repetition of the same or similar vowel sounds, like “granite” and “dammit” a phrase in which several words in a row begin with the same letter 11 What is alliteration? when phrase has several words in a row beginning with the same letter when different words repeat the same or similar vowel sounds, like “granite” and “dammit” when a true statement seems self-contradictory when a word is used to stand in for another, closely related word, like "the crown" as substitute for a monarch or monarchy 12 What is assonance? when different words repeat the same or similar vowel sounds, like “granite” and “dammit” when a word is used to stand in for another, closely related word, like "the crown" as substitute for a monarch or monarchy when a phrase has several words in a row beginning with the same letter when a true statement seems self-contradictory 13 What does the memorial wall in this poem most often operate as a metonym for? American racial politics The subjectivity of memory The impact of the war The importance of history 14 Which of the following definitions of the word “reflection” is NOT at play in the poem? an often obscure or indirect criticism a thought, idea, or opinion formed or a remark made as a result of meditation the production of an image by or as if by a mirror consideration of some subject matter, idea, or purpose 15 Which color, with all its symbolic associations, is NOT prominent in this poem’s visual landscape? white black red yelllow 16 Which character does Andrew Johnson most stand in contrast to in the poem? The white vet The speaker/author The woman trying to erase names The woman with names on her blouse 17 Which metaphor is NOT present in this poem? I’m a window. I’m a mirror. I’m flesh. I’m stone. 18 Regarding the speaker’s memory of “the booby trap’s white flash”: how many American casualties in the Vietnam War were caused by landmines and booby traps? 25% 5% 50% Over 50% 19 Approximately how many Vietnamese soldiers and civilians died in the Vietnam War? 580,000 58,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 20 Approximately how many more Vietnamese people have died from encountering the war’s leftover landmines since 1975? 40,000 30,000 10,000 20,000 21 Who or what was Agent Orange in the Vietnam War? A toxic herbicide used by American forces to destroy Vietnamese forests and crops, causing illness in millions of people An undercover American operative in the Liberation Army of South Vietnam An undercover Northern Vietnamese operative in the American army The code name of an American Air Force base 22 Which idea or ideas are communicated through the changing and combining reflections in the memorial wall? The fleetingness of time The connectivity of past and present The vulnerability of the body All of the answers 23 Where did the author grow up? Bogalusa, Louisiana Nashville, Tennessee Brooklyn, New York Sacramento, California 24 What is a possible interpretation of “the profile of night / slanted against morning?” His dark skin stands out against the lighter sky behind him The black granite memorial stands out against the lighter sky behind it Neither option Both options 25 What is a possible interpretation of "letters like smoke"? The names on the wall remind him of the smoke and gunfire of wartime Any or all of the answers The letters are the greyish color of smoke The letters are ephemeral like smoke