1 What was the author’s role in the Vietnam War? A civilian critic A war correspondent for a major newspaper A soldier in the army A war correspondent for a military newspaper 2 Which two major historical events most shaped the author as a young man? The Vietnam War and the civil rights movement The Korean War and American counterculture The civil rights movement and the Cold War The Vietnam War and the Cold War 3 Which book first brought Yusef Komunyakaa critical acclaim? Talking Dirty to the Gods (2000) The Pleasure Dome (2001) Neon Vernacular (1993) Dien Cai Dau (1988) 4 Which 21-year-old artist designed the Vietnam Veterans Memorial? Raymond Persinger Maya Lin Anne Chu Laura Ann Jacobs 5 Which is an example of a metaphor? Half-expecting to find / my own in letters like smoke My clouded reflection eyes me / like a bird of prey. I’m stone. I’m flesh. A red bird’s / wings cutting across my stare 6 Which is an example of a simile? My clouded reflection eyes me / like a bird of prey. I see the booby trap’s white flash. In the black mirror / a woman’s trying to erase names. I turn / this way—the stone lets me go. 7 Who is the name “Andrew Johnson” in reference to? A dead soldier A former president Neither option Potentially both options 8 What is the significance of the number 58,022? The known number of American soldiers dead or missing from the Vietnam War at one point in the 1980s The total number of American and Vietnamese casualties of the Vietnam War Both options Neither option 9 Which is an example of assonance in the poem? My black face fades I’m stone. I’m flesh. Granite / dammit Letters like smoke 10 What is a metonym? a phrase in which several words in a row begin with the same letter a word used to stand in for another, closely related word, like "the crown" as substitute for a monarch or monarchy a true statement which seems self-contradictory the repetition of the same or similar vowel sounds, like “granite” and “dammit” 11 What is alliteration? when a word is used to stand in for another, closely related word, like "the crown" as substitute for a monarch or monarchy when phrase has several words in a row beginning with the same letter when a true statement seems self-contradictory when different words repeat the same or similar vowel sounds, like “granite” and “dammit” 12 What is assonance? when a word is used to stand in for another, closely related word, like "the crown" as substitute for a monarch or monarchy when a phrase has several words in a row beginning with the same letter when a true statement seems self-contradictory when different words repeat the same or similar vowel sounds, like “granite” and “dammit” 13 What does the memorial wall in this poem most often operate as a metonym for? The subjectivity of memory American racial politics The importance of history The impact of the war 14 Which of the following definitions of the word “reflection” is NOT at play in the poem? consideration of some subject matter, idea, or purpose a thought, idea, or opinion formed or a remark made as a result of meditation the production of an image by or as if by a mirror an often obscure or indirect criticism 15 Which color, with all its symbolic associations, is NOT prominent in this poem’s visual landscape? red black white yelllow 16 Which character does Andrew Johnson most stand in contrast to in the poem? The white vet The woman trying to erase names The woman with names on her blouse The speaker/author 17 Which metaphor is NOT present in this poem? I’m a mirror. I’m stone. I’m a window. I’m flesh. 18 Regarding the speaker’s memory of “the booby trap’s white flash”: how many American casualties in the Vietnam War were caused by landmines and booby traps? Over 50% 5% 25% 50% 19 Approximately how many Vietnamese soldiers and civilians died in the Vietnam War? 2,000,000 580,000 1,000,000 58,000 20 Approximately how many more Vietnamese people have died from encountering the war’s leftover landmines since 1975? 30,000 40,000 20,000 10,000 21 Who or what was Agent Orange in the Vietnam War? A toxic herbicide used by American forces to destroy Vietnamese forests and crops, causing illness in millions of people An undercover Northern Vietnamese operative in the American army An undercover American operative in the Liberation Army of South Vietnam The code name of an American Air Force base 22 Which idea or ideas are communicated through the changing and combining reflections in the memorial wall? The vulnerability of the body All of the answers The fleetingness of time The connectivity of past and present 23 Where did the author grow up? Sacramento, California Bogalusa, Louisiana Brooklyn, New York Nashville, Tennessee 24 What is a possible interpretation of “the profile of night / slanted against morning?” Both options The black granite memorial stands out against the lighter sky behind it Neither option His dark skin stands out against the lighter sky behind him 25 What is a possible interpretation of "letters like smoke"? Any or all of the answers The letters are ephemeral like smoke The names on the wall remind him of the smoke and gunfire of wartime The letters are the greyish color of smoke