Freedom
Freedom is personified as a female character in the poem. This quality will prevail, since freedom will knock the tyrants off, freedom will light another fire, and freedom can't be extinguished. Freedom left the loafers and came to Australia and made the land prosper, made it a garden full of promise.
Tyrants
Tyrants make Freedom in Australia endangered. Tyrants are the government that oppresses the laborers. Now that the land is prospering and moving forward the tyrants want their share from the laborers' hard work.
Our fathers
Our fathers or our parents are laborers' ancestors who came or were deported to Australia, and worked hard to make the land "a garden full of promise." Now, that garden is endangered by the oppression of the "Old Greed."