The Motif of Illusion Versus Reality in Shakespeare’s Hamlet Lucy Yang 12th Grade

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, an illusion refers to “the fact or condition of being deceived or deluded by appearances, or an instance of this; a mental state involving the attribution of reality to what is unreal” (“Illusion, n.”). Throughout the tragedy of Hamlet, Shakespeare develops the motif of illusion versus reality, through literal apparitions and figurative masks. The power of illusion, however, is most prevalent in the introspection undergone by Hamlet and Claudius through their own masks. Upon witnessing the Ghost of the late King, Horatio commands the apparition, “Stay, illusion!” (1.1.139). The impact of this order extends throughout the play as a guiding principle for Hamlet and Claudius. Throughout Hamlet, Shakespeare incorporates the command “Stay, illusion!” to reflect Hamlet’s efforts in separating the Ghost’s influence from his rational decision-making and Claudius’ endeavors to maintain his innocent facade. Ultimately, Hamlet and Claudius’ inability to follow this command serves a pivotal role in the downfall of both characters.

One significant interpretation of the command “Stay, illusion!” stems from Hamlet’s growing battle with distinguishing between illusion (the Ghost’s call for vengeance...