Metaphor of Caananites
In the sermon on p.58, we see how the metaphor of the Canaanites is used to drive a message of faith. The worshippers are led to understand how the struggle to obtain the Promised Land and maintain focus on the promises of God relates to them in a direct application of the concept to their own lives that represents themselves as historical figures.
Metaphor of Food
On page 67 and elsewhere, Updike uses the language of food, especially the word "ripe," to show how Ahmad notices Joryleen in a physical manner. This is also developed using simile on page 66; both of these devices enhance our perception of Ahmad's attraction as carnal. He struggles against this, so the simile extends to the classical concepts of forbidden food as shown in the Garden of Eden Bible passage and the Persephone background from Greek Mythology.
Simile of Driving
On p.75, Updike writes, "It excites [Ahmad], however, to see himself—like the pilot of a 727 or a captain of a supertanker or the tiny brain of a brontosaurus—steering a great vehicle through the maze of dire possibilities to safety." These whimsical similes show us both the childlike enthusiasm of Ahmad as he begins his position as a trucker and how he views himself within his truck. However, it also foreshadows the radicalism that will lead him to consider the role of a pilot in a different way and the ability of a large machine to wreak havoc.
Metaphor of Sweat in Butterfly Shapes
On page 97, we see Ahmad on a run and how he envisions himself as a fleet escaper from the Earthbound bullies around him. Updike uses the metaphor of butterfly shapes to depict Ahmad's sweat stains on the back of his shirt. Through this, we see how his vulnerability is able to coexist with his power of motion. He can only be killed if he is caught, and he moves quickly and freely despite his fear.
Metaphor of the Beach's noise as Breathing
On page 190, Updike describes the shore of the New Jersey Beach by Ahmad's home. The precisely timed noise of the ocean is metaphorically presented as a breath. This shows the endurance of the living ocean even though the civilization built upon and beside it is tacky and dilapidated. We see how the vital breath of the ocean sustains the feeling of life Ahmad notices.
