Answer
Growth Rate: $7.18\%$
Shortfall: $10\%$
Work Step by Step
Given:
Point (a): $\$10$ billion
Point (b): $\$20$ billion
Point (c): $\$18$ billion
Time: $10$ years
We use the compound growth formula to find the Annual Growth Rate from (a) to (b):
$\text{Rate}=\left(\frac{20}{10}\right)^{\frac{1}{10}}-1\approx 7.18\%$
The shortfall from capacity at point (c) is:
$\frac{20-18}{20}\times 100=10\%$
