Answer
A pressure ulcer ( decubiyus ulcer, bedsore) is a lesion caused by prolonged deficiency of blood flow to an area of tissues. Most commonly, pressures ulcers occur in tissue near to bones that are subject to long term pressure against hard unyielding surfaces. Hips, back, buttock, and ankles are some locations where pressure sores often develop. The proximal causes are poor blood supply with concomitant decreases in oxygen and nutrients going to the relevant areas. Pressure, loss of sensation, accumulation of urine ( in the case of the bedridden) , shearing forces, and inability to move one's self, all contribute to the development of pressure ulcers.
Work Step by Step
Pressure ulcers or decubitus ulcers are tissue legions due to prolonged pressure on an area of tissue-- with attendant impairment of oxygen and nutrient supply. The first signs of ulceration may just be reddening (erythema) of the tissue. Later, there will be blistering , an indication of superficial tissue damage . Next, the deeper layers of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue will become involved. Progressive ulceration will gradually affect multiple layers including muscle and bone. This development is is usually accompanied by the presence of eschar , sloughed of discolored brown tissue in the lesion. Categories of patients most susceptible to develop pressure sores are the elderly , patients with reduced mobility, the bedridden, people confined to wheel chairs, and people with fragile skins.
