Answer
Types of bone fractures are listed in different way by different authors. The following is one example of a list;
1 .Simple; ends of broken bone do not protrude through the skin
2. Compound (open) : ends of broken bones protrude through the skin
3. Comminuted: bone splintered--small fragments in the smashed area
4. Green stick : one side of the bone is broken; the other side is bent but not broken--mainly in children
5. Impacted : one end of the broken bone is driven into the other end of the break
6. Pott's fracture: fracture of the distal end of the fibula
7. Colles fracture: fracture of the distal end of the radius.
Work Step by Step
Phases in bone fracture repair;
Reactive phase: In this phase hematoma form in the area of the fracture, secondary to bleeding. This is followed by inflammation and swelling; then blood phagocytes and osteoclasts begin the work of cleaning up.
The next phase is the reparative phase in-- two acts . (1). Fibrocartilaginous/soft callus formation. New blood vessels grow into the fracture area, and phagocytes complete the cleaning up; periosteal fibroblasts lay down collagen fibers, and nelly formed chondoblasts form fibrocartilage in the site. The soft callus eventually joins both ends of the fracture. (2) Formation of bony callus begins after oteoprogenitor cells transform to osteoblasts which secrete spongy bone in the form of trabeculae. The spongy bone connect the ends of the broken bone, firmly. (3). The remodeling phase is the third phase of healing. In this process fragments of dead bone are resorbed by osteoclasts and compact bone replaces spongy bone around the periphery.
After complete healing, the site of fracture is indicated by a greater thickness of the bone in that area.
