Answer
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Work Step by Step
(a) The law of conservation of mass is a fundamental principle in chemistry that states that the total mass of the products of a chemical reaction must be equal to the total mass of the reactants.
(b) Rutherford's nuclear atom model, proposed by Ernest Rutherford in 1911, suggests that atoms have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus at the center, surrounded by negatively charged electrons that orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels.
(c) The weighted-average atomic mass is the average mass of all the isotopes of an element, taking into account their relative abundances.
(d) A mass spectrum is a graph that shows the distribution of masses of particles in a sample. In chemistry, mass spectrometry is a technique used to identify the chemical and isotopic composition of a sample by measuring the masses of its constituent particles.
