The New Chaucer Society
http://artsci.wustl.edu/~chaucer/
The homepage for one of the foremost academic societies devoted to Chaucer studies. The society also publishes an excellent journal "Studies in the Age of Chaucer".
The Geoffrey Chaucer Website
http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer/
Simply the best of Chaucer websites, excellently edited with tons of useful, incisive comments by Larry Benson (editor of the Riverside Chaucer - the best single Chaucer edition currently available).
Chaucertext
http://www.winthrop.edu/chaucertext/default.htm
An on-line archive for electronic Chaucer Scholarship
Texts of Chaucer's Works Online (from the Chaucer metapage)
http://www.unc.edu/depts/chaucer/chtexts.htm
These links are based on those originally supplied by Edwin Duncan and Alan Baragona.
Essential Chaucer: a bibliography
http://colfa.utsa.edu/chaucer/ec0.html#anchor308100
Extensive - though now slightly out-of-date bibliography of texts written about Chaucer and his work.
Luminarium Online
http://www.luminarium.org/medlit/
An anthology of Middle-English literature online, much of which would provide excellent secondary reading to pair with your reading of the Canterbury Tales.