Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 7 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors - 7.5 Orthogonal Diagonalization and Quadratic Forms - Problems - Page 475: 25

Answer

See below

Work Step by Step

1. Find eigenvalues (A-$\lambda$I)$\vec{V}$=$\vec{0}$ $\begin{bmatrix} -\lambda & 4 & -4 \\ -4 & -\lambda & -2\\ 4 & 2& -\lambda \end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix} v_1\\ v_2 \\ v_3 \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 0\\ 0 \\ 0 \end{bmatrix}$ $\begin{bmatrix} -\lambda & 4 & -4 \\ -4 & -\lambda & -2\\ 4 & 2 & -\lambda \end{bmatrix}=0$ $\lambda^3+36\lambda=0$ $\lambda_1=0,\lambda_2=6i, \lambda_3=-6i$ 2. Find eigenvectors: For $\lambda=0$ let $B=A-\lambda_1I$ $B=\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 4 & -4 \\ -4 & 0 & -2\\ 4 & 2 & 0\end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 0\\ 0 \\ 0 \end{bmatrix} $ Let $r$ be a free variable. $\vec{V}=r(-1,2,2)\\ E_1=\{(-1,2,2)\} \\ \rightarrow dim(E_2)=1$ For $\lambda=6i$ let $B=A-\lambda_1I$ $B=\begin{bmatrix} -6i & 4 & -4 \\ -4 & -6i & -2\\ 4 & & -6i \end{bmatrix}$ Let $s$ be a free variable. $\vec{V}=s(2+6i,-4+3i,5)\\ E_2=\{(2+6i,-4+3i,5)\} \\ \rightarrow dim(E_2)=1$ For $\lambda=-6i$ let $B=A-\lambda_1I$ $B=\begin{bmatrix} 6i & 4 & -4 \\ -4 & 6i & -2\\ 4 & 2 & 6i \end{bmatrix}$ Let $t$ be a free variable. $\vec{V}=t(2-6i,-4-3i,5)\\ E_3=\{(2-6i,-4-3i,5)\} \\ \rightarrow dim(E_3)=1$
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