Answer
shrinks by $11$ years
Work Step by Step
Frequently stressed:$\qquad -5$ years
Have less than 12 years education: $\qquad -6$
$-5-6= \qquad$subtract 6 by adding $-6$
$=-5+(-6)$=$ \qquad$ use the rule for adding numbers of the same sign
$=-11$
Total effect:
The negative result means that the life span
shrinks by $11$ years.
