Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 5 - Applications Of The Definite Integral In Geometry, Science, And Engineering - 5.2 Volumes By Slicing; Disks And Washers - Exercises Set 5.2 - Page 364: 52

Answer

$${2 \pi^{2} r^{2} h}$$

Work Step by Step

The volume of the torus is the volume obtained by the washer perpendicular to the $y$-axis, as the circle equation shown in the fig is $r^{2}=(x-h)^{2}+y^{2}$ The equation of the right half of the circle is $h+\left(r^{2}-y^{2}\right)^{1 / 2}=x$ , the equation of the left half of the circle $h-\left(r^{2}-y^{2}\right)^{1 / 2}=x$ The revolving washer is enclosed between these two curves Hence $h+\left(r^{2}+y^{2}\right)^{1 / 2}=w(y)$ and $h-\left(r^{2}-y^{2}\right)^{1 / 2}=v(y)$ Thus, the volume of the torus obtained by rotating this disc perpendicular to $y$-axis is as follows. $$ \begin{aligned} \int_{-r}^{r} \pi\left[[w(y)]^{2}-[v(y)]^{2}\right] d y=V & \\ &=\pi \int_{-r}^{r}\left[h+\left(r^{2}+y^{2}\right)^{1 / 2}\right]^{2}-\left[h-\left(r^{2}-y^{2}\right)^{1 / 2}\right]^{2} \\ &=\pi \int_{-r}^{r} 4 h\left(r^{2}-y^{2}\right)^{1 / 2} d y \\ &=4 h \pi \int_{-r}^{r}\left(r^{2}-y^{2}\right)^{1 / 2} d y \end{aligned} $$ Let $r \sin t=y$ and then $r \cos t d t=d y$ ,$-\pi / 2 \leq t \leq \pi / 2$ we get $$ \begin{aligned} 4 h \pi \int_{-\pi / 2}^{\pi / 2}\left(r^{2}-r^{2} \sin ^{2} t\right)^{1 / 2}(r \cos t) d t=V & \\ &=4 h \pi \int_{-\pi / 2}^{\pi / 2}\left(r \cos ^{2} t\right) d t \\ &=4 h \pi\left[\frac{1}{2} t+\frac{1}{4} \sin 2 t\right]_{-\pi / 2}^{\pi / 2} \\ &=4 r^{2} h \pi(\pi / 2) \\ &={2 \pi^{2} r^{2} h} \end{aligned} $$
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