Answer
Case-control studies are also referred to as retrospective studies. A type of observational study that gathers data from the past or already existing information is said to be a case-control study. A cohort study is also known as a prospective study, that is, a type of observational study in which the individuals are examined for a longer period of time in future to obtain the value of the response variables.
Work Step by Step
A case-control study is a type of observational study in which the data is collected from the past. It does not provide data quality as data completely depends on the memory of an individual, which is one of the disadvantages of this study. Its advantage is that it is less expensive and less time-consuming. A cohort study is an observational study, also known as a prospective study, in which a group of individuals are followed for longer time in future for collecting data. It is advantageous as a number of outcomes can be examined at a single point in time. It also helps to determine the best details about the causation than a case-control study; that is, casual inferences about the relationship between the response variable and the explanatory variable can easily be drawn. Unlike case-control studies, cohort studies are expensive.
