Answer
The placebo effect is an improvement in one’s condition due to a positive mentality, not due to the received treatment. A placebo is anything that seems to be a “real” medical treatment but isn’t. It could be a pill, a shot, or some other type of “fake” treatment. What all placebos have in common is that they do not contain any active substance meant to affect health.
The Hawthorne effect (also referred to as the observer effect) is a type of reactivity in which individuals modify an aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed.
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