Statistics: Informed Decisions Using Data (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321757270
ISBN 13: 978-0-32175-727-2

Chapter 11 - Section 11.1 - Assess Your Understanding - Applying the Concepts - Page 541: 24

Answer

Confidence interval: $-0.1286\lt p̂_{men}-p̂ _{women}\lt-0.0500$ Since $p̂_{men}-p̂ _{women}=0$, that is $p̂_{men}=p̂ _{women}$, is outside the confidence interval, we reject the null hypothesis. There is enough evidence to conclude that there is a difference in the proportion of men and women who are normal weight.

Work Step by Step

$H_0:~p_{men}=p_{women}$ versus $H_1:~p_{men}\ne p_{women}$ $p̂ _{men}=\frac{x_{men}}{n_{men}}=\frac{203}{750}=0.2707$ and $p̂ _{women}=\frac{x_{women}}{n_{women}}=\frac{270}{750}=0.36$ Requirements: $n_{men}p̂ _{men}(1-p̂ _{men})=750\times0.2707(1-0.2707)=148.1\geq10$ $n_{women}p̂ _{women}(1-p̂ _{women})=750\times0.36(1-036)=172.8\geq10$ $level~of~confidence=(1-α).100$% $90$% $=(1-α).100$% $0.90=1-α$ $α=0.10$ $z_{\frac{α}{2}}=z_{0.05}$ If the area of the standard normal curve to the right of $z_{0.05}$ is 0.05, then the area of the standard normal curve to the left of $z_{0.05}$ is $1−0.05=0.95$ According to Table V, there are 2 z-scores which give the closest value to 0.95: 1.64 and 1.65. So, let's find the mean of these z-scores: $\frac{1.64+1.65}{2}=1.645$ $Lower~bound=(p̂_{men}-p̂ _{women})-z_{\frac{α}{2}}\sqrt {\frac{p̂_{men}(1-p̂_{men})}{n_{men}}+\frac{p̂ _{women}(1-p̂ _{women})}{n_{women}}}=(0.2707-0.36)-1.645\sqrt {\frac{0.2707(1-0.2707)}{750}+\frac{0.36(1-0.36)}{750}}=-0.1286$ $Upper~bound=(p̂_{men}-p̂ _{women})+z_{\frac{α}{2}}\sqrt {\frac{p̂_{men}(1-p̂_{men})}{n_{men}}+\frac{p̂ _{women}(1-p̂ _{women})}{n_{women}}}=(0.2707-0.36)+1.645\sqrt {\frac{0.2707(1-0.2707)}{750}+\frac{0.36(1-0.36)}{750}}=-0.0500$
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