Answer
In each cerebral hemisphere there are three basal nuclei proper. However there are other masses of gray matter with which they are functionally related, and which are often considered in discussions of the functions of the basal ( not basal ganglia).
The basal nuclei basal nuclei are globus pallidus, putamen, and caudate nuclei.
The lentiform nucleus is the combined putamen and globus pallidus.; the corpus striatum includes both the caudate, and lentiform nuclei.
Associated structures:. The substantia nigra of the midbrain; the subthalamic nuclei of the diencephalon , and the claustrum are connected with basal nuclei and support their functions.
Work Step by Step
Functions of the basal nuclei:
The basal nuclei receive impulse from the cerebral cortex and transmit them to motor cortical regions by way of the ventral and lateral thalamic nuclei. Other functions of the basal nuclei include initiation and termination of movements; the regulation of eye movement by the caudate; maintenance of muscle tone by globus pallidus,; control of subconscious movements ( laughter, arm swimming m by globus pallidus) ; mediation of cognitive processes--attention, memory planning. In addition the basal nuclei are allied wit the limbic system in the regulation of emotional behavior.
