Answer
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DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA.
The process begins with the unwinding of the double helix by an enzyme called helicase, which creates a replication fork. The two strands of DNA are then separated, and a new strand is synthesized in each direction by an enzyme called DNA polymerase.
The new strand is synthesized in a 5' to 3' direction, with the addition of nucleotides complementary to the template strand. As the DNA is replicated, the leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments called Okazaki fragments. The fragments are later joined together by an enzyme called DNA ligase.
Once replication is complete, the two new DNA molecules separate and each serves as a template for the next round of replication.
