Answer
a) 2-methyl-1-butanol
b) 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol
c) 1,3-propanediol
d) 2-methyl-2-propanol
Work Step by Step
a) Count the total number of C in straight chain. Here, it is 4. Hence word root name is 'but'. Now, there is a functional group present in the compound i.e. -OH group. hence, ending name will be 'anol'. Now, Numbering the C atoms in straight chain so that OH group gets the minimum number. So, the numbering is done from the right terminal side. Hence, OH group is in C1 position and a substitute methyl group is at C2 position. substituent name is placed before word root and '2' is placed before substituent name i.e. '2-methyl'.
b) Count the total number of C in straight chain. here it is 4. word root is 'but'. There is a OH group present in the molecule. So, ending name is 'anol'. Now, numbering the straight chain C from right side as the OH group gets the minimum number. After numbering it is seen that two substituents 'methyl' groups are present at C3 position. So, '3,3-dimethyl' is used before word root. Now, the complete name is 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol'.
c) Count the total number of C in straight chain. Here it is 3. Hence word root is 'prop'. There are two OH groups present in the molecule. So, the ending name is 'ol' and 'di' is used before 'ol' to represent two OH groups present. Now, it is a saturated alcohol. So, we use 'ane' after 'prop'.
Now, numbering is done from any of the terminal sides. So, two OH gets C1 and C3 position respectively. So, the complete name is 1,3-propanediol.
d) Find no. of C in straight chain. here it is 3. So, the word root is 'prop', Now, there is one OH group present in the molecule. So, the ending name is 'anol'. Now, after numbering the C in straight chain it is seen that the OH is located at C2 Carbon and also one substituent methyl group is also present at C2 Carbon. So, '2-methyl' is named before word root and '2-propanol' represents that OH group is at C2 position. We get the complete name '2-,methyl-2-propanol'.
