Chemistry 10th Edition

Published by Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.
ISBN 10: 1133610668
ISBN 13: 978-1-13361-066-3

Chapter 23 - Organic Chemistry I: Formulas, Names, and Properties - Exercises - Conceptual Exercises - Page 952: 126

Answer

Cyclopentane will have the smaller amount of strain when forced to have all its carbons in a plane. This is because in a plane, cyclopentane exists in pentagonal shape. For a regular pentagon, every bond angle is $108^{\circ}$. Now, If we look at the hybridization of every C atom in cyclopentane, every C atom is $sp^{3}$ hybridized. so, the C-C-C bond angle should be $109.5^{\circ}$ which is close to $108^{\circ}$. So, we can say it will face less strain when forced to have all its carbons in plane. On the other hand, in a plane cyclohexane exists in hexagonal shape. For a regular hexagon, every bond angle is $120^{\circ}$. But C-C-C bond angle should be $109.5^{\circ}$. So, cyclohexane will face more strain than cyclopentane when forced to have all its carbons in plane.

Work Step by Step

In a plane, cyclopentane exists in pentagonal shape. For a regular pentagon, every bond angle is $108^{\circ}$. Now, If we look at the hybridization of every C atom in cyclopentane, every C atom is $sp^{3}$ hybridized. so, the C-C-C bond angle should be $109.5^{\circ}$ which is close to $108^{\circ}$. So, we can say it will face less strain when forced to have all its carbons in plane. On the other hand, in a plane cyclohexane exists in hexagonal shape. For a regular hexagon, every bond angle is $120^{\circ}$. But C-C-C bond angle should be $109.5^{\circ}$. So, cyclohexane will face more strain than cyclopentane when forced to have all its carbons in plane.
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