Answer
a) 3-chlorobutanol; a primary alcohol.
b) 3-methyl-3-hexanol; a tertiary alcohol.
c) 2-methyl-1-cyclopentanol; a secondary alcohol.
Work Step by Step
a) Count the no. of C in straight chain. Here, it is 4. hence, root name is 'but'. ending name will be 'anol' for alcohol (-OH group present). Numbering of C in straight chain is done so that the C associated with -OH gets the minimum number. Hence, numbering will be done from right to left. Hence, we see that one 'Cl' is present as a substituent at C3 position. '3-methyl' is added before root name. Also, 1 is added before 'butanol' to denote the position of the alcohol. hence, complete name: 3-chlorobutanol.
This is a primary alcohol because the C bonded with the OH group is attached with two H atoms.
b) No. of C in longest straight chain = 6. hence, root name is 'hex' and ending name is 'anol' for alcohol. Now, numbering of C in straight chain is done so that the C bonded with OH group gets the minimum number. So, numbering will be done from right to left side. Hence, OH is present at C3 position i.e. '3-hexanol'. Now, one methyl substituent is present at C3 position. Hence, '3-methyl' is added before root name. so, the complete name : 3-methyl-3-hexanol.
This is a tertiary alcohol because there is no H attached to the C that is bonded with OH group.
c) Count the no. of C in ring. here, it is 5. hence, root name is 'cyclopent' and ending name is 'anol' for alcohol. Now, numbering the ring C atoms so that C associated with OH gets minimum number. So, OH group is present at C1 position i.e. 1-cyclopentanol. Now, a methyl group is present as a substituent at C2 position. so, '2-methyl' is added before '1-cyclopentanol' hence the complete name : 2-methyl-1-cyclopentanol.
This is a secondary alcohol because there is only one H attached with the C that is bonded with OH group.
