Answer
See explanation
Work Step by Step
a) pent means 5 C in straight chain. anoic acid means -COOH group present and if we numbering the C atom in straight chain the C present in COOH group gets number 1. Now, 3-methyl means one methyl group is present at C3 position. Remaining valency of C atoms is filled with H.
b) ethyl means $CH_{2}CH_{3}$ which is the alcoholic part of the said ester and it is present on the right side of -COO- group i.e. bonded with O atom. methanoate means the acid part of the ester and it has one C in it. So, the part is HCOO-. Hence, the complete structure is $HCOOCH_{2}CH_{3}$
c) benzoic acid is Ph-COOH. Now, if we substitute the H of COOH with a methyl group it becomes methyl benzoate which is $Ph-COOCH_{3}$
d) hex means 6 C in straight chain. anoic acid means -COOH group present and if we numbering the C atom in straight chain the C present in COOH group gets number 1. Now, 3-chloro-2,4-dimethyl means two methyl groups present at C2 and C4 position & also one Cl group is present at C3 position. Remaining valency of C atoms is filled with H.
