Ridgeon
Ridgeon choosing to not treat Louis is a metaphor for how privatized medicine creates a class of men that believe they are worthy to wield the decision of life and death. This is a decision which Ridgeon uses to allow Louis to die in order that he might marry Jennifer.
The Dilemma
The play's dilemma is a metaphor for how we place a value on each person. That we determine, whether right or wrong, if someone is worthy to live or die. Shaw brings the issue out to the broad daylight in choosing between Blenkinsop and Louis.
Emmy
Emmy comes into Ridgeon's office to tell him to stop chatting with Sir Patrick about themselves and get on with seeing patients. Emmy is a metaphor for the need for a new system to be put into place where everyone is taken care of, rather than just those doctors choose to see.
One Man Show
Jennifer puts on an exhibition of her late husband's works after his death. This is a metaphor for her devotion to him in life and death and her belief that he was a man of genius, something that Ridgeon never accounted for.
Turned Away
Jennifer will not allow Ridgeon to purchase any of her late husband's works at the exhibition. This is a metaphor that what he was unwilling to do in life for Louis she will not allow him to do during his death. That it isn't a man's work Ridgeon is trying to buy, but his life, and Ridgeon had no part in ensuring Louis carry on so she will ensure he has no part of his life to keep for himself.
