Rich people
Rich people, most of whom disproportionately contributed to the smog and climate change plaguing the earth, are the ones least affected by the results of their actions. They went to live in remote communities, all of which allowed them to live mostly normal lives, free from the restrictions that lower-class people living in different areas had to deal with. This dichotomy between rich and poor is rich in irony and underscores the profound unfairness that is inherent in the situation.
The chef
The chef, who is the main character in the novel, feeds people and gives them life. However, despite being a life-giver, she ironically kills someone, illuminating the profound strangeness of her situation.
Cities
Cities, which were once the lifeblood of civilization and places where quite a bit of commerce and innovation came out of, were quickly (and ironically transformed). They were once some of the most important places in civilization. In the world of Land of Milk and Honey, they were dying husks filled with people at the end of their ropes (and, in some cases, their lives).
Sex
Despite being in an unfamiliar place with people who are not like her, the chef begins to open herself up to new experiences. This underscores the ease with which many people living in the community where the chef works go through life. When they don't have to worry about survival, they are free to do whatever they want whenever they want it.
