Answer
a. $\forall$ dinosaurs x, x is extinct.
b. $\forall$ real numbers x, x is positive negative, or zero.
c. $\forall$ irrational numbers x, x is not an integer.
d. $\forall$ logicians x, x is not lazy.
e. $\forall$ integers x, $x^2$ does not equal 2, 147, 581, 953.
f. $\forall$ real numbers x, $x^2$ is not equal to -1.
Work Step by Step
Recall the definition of a universal statement: Let Q(x) be a predicate and D the domain of x. A universal statement is a statement of the form "$\forall x \in D$, Q(x). "
