Answer
a. $\exists s \in D$ such that $E(s) \land M(s).$
b. $\forall s \in D$, if C(s), then E(s).
c. $\forall s \in D$, if C(s), then not E(s). (Or: $\forall s \in D$, C(s) $\rightarrow$ ~E(s), where ~ is not).
d. $\exists s \in D$ such that $C(s) \land M(s)$.
e. ($\exists s \in D$ such that $C(s) \land E(s)$) $\land$ ($\exists s \in D$ such that $C(s) \land$ ~$E(s)$)
Work Step by Step
Recall the definition of a universal statement: Let Q(x) be a predicate and D the domain of x. A universal statement is a statement of the form "$\forall x \in D, Q(x)$." It is defined to be true if, and only if, Q(x) is true for every x in D.
Recall the definition of an existential statement: Let Q(x) be a predicate and D the domain of x. An existential statement is a statement of the form "$\exists$ x \in D" such that $Q(x).$ It is defined to be true if, and only if, Q(x) is true for at least one x in D.
