An Introduction to Mathematical Statistics and Its Applications (6th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-13411-421-3
ISBN 13: 978-0-13411-421-7

Chapter 2 Probability - 2.4 Conditional Probability - Questions - Page 49: 41

Answer

$\frac{5}{12}$

Work Step by Step

Let's define the events: $A_1$: "urn I was chosen" $A_2$: "urn II was chosen" $A_3$: "urn III was chosen" $B$: "chip drawn was red" Notice that: $P(A_1)=P(A_2)=P(A_3)=\frac{1}{3}$ $P(A_3~|~B)=\frac{P(B~|~A_3)P(A_3)}{P(B~|~A_1)P(A_1)+P(B~|~A_2)P(A_2)+P(B~|~A_3)P(A_3)}$ $P(A_3~|~B)=\frac{\frac{5}{8}\times\frac{1}{3}}{\frac{3}{8}\times\frac{1}{3}+\frac{4}{8}\times\frac{1}{3}+\frac{5}{8}\times\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{\frac{5}{24}}{\frac{3}{24}+\frac{4}{24}+\frac{5}{24}}=\frac{5}{12}$
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