Answer
$(y-3)(y-2)(y+2)$
Work Step by Step
$y^{3}-3y^{2}-4y+12 =(y^{3}-3y^{2})+(-4y+12)=y^{2}(y-3)+(-4)(y-3)=(y-3)(y^{2}-4)$
Last we use $(a^2-b^2)=(a+b)(a-b)$:
$=(y-3)(y-2)(y+2)$
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