Answer
$12$
Work Step by Step
$S=\displaystyle \sum(x-2)^{2}$ = sum of all the squares of differences.
\begin{align*}
S&=(5-2)^{2}+(1-2)^{2}+(3-2)^{2}+(2-2)^{2}+(1-2)^{2}\\
&=9+1+1+0+1\\
&=12\end{align*}
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