Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach 8th Edition

Published by McGraw-Hill Education
ISBN 10: 0-07339-817-9
ISBN 13: 978-0-07339-817-4

Chapter 16 - Chemical and Phase Equilibrium - Problems - Page 833: 16-65E

Answer

$\mathbf{2 . 0 8} \times 10^{-5}$

Work Step by Step

Noting that air is saturated, the partial pressure of water vapor in the air will simply be the saturation pressure of water at $80^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$, $$ P_{\text {vapor }}=P_{\text {sat } @ 80^{\circ} \mathrm{F}}=0.5075 \mathrm{psia} $$ Then the partial pressure of dry air becomes $$ P_{\text {dry air }}=P-P_{\text {vapor }}=14.3-0.5075=13.793 \text { psia } $$ From Henry's law, the mole fraction of air in the water is determined to be $$ y_{\text {dry air,liquidside }}=\frac{P_{\text {dry air,gasside }}}{H}=\frac{13.793 \mathrm{psia}(1 \mathrm{~atm} / 14.696 \mathrm{psia})}{74,000 \mathrm{bar}(1 \mathrm{~atm} / 1.01325 \mathrm{bar})}=1.29 \times 10^{-5} $$ which is very small, as expected. The mass and mole fractions of a mixture are related to each other by $$ \mathrm{mf}_i=\frac{m_i}{m_m}=\frac{N_i M_i}{N_m M_m}=y_i \frac{M_i}{M_m} $$ where the apparent molar mass of the liquid water - air mixture is $$ \begin{aligned} M_m & =\sum y_i M_i=y_{\text {liquidwater }} M_{\text {water }}+y_{\text {dry air }} M_{\text {dry air }} \\ & \cong 1 \times 18.0+0 \times 29.0 \cong 18.0 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{kmol} \end{aligned} $$ Then the mass fraction of dissolved air in liquid water becomes $$ \mathrm{mf}_{\text {dry air, liquid side }}=y_{\text {dry air, liquidside }}(0) \frac{M_{\text {dry air }}}{M_m}=\left(1.29 \times 10^{-5}\right) \frac{29}{18}=\mathbf{2 . 0 8} \times 10^{-5} $$
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