Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 1 - First-Order Differential Equations - 1.11 Some Higher-Order Differential Equations - Problems - Page 105: 7

Answer

$x=-\ln (e^k-e^{2t})+C$

Work Step by Step

We are given: $\frac{d^2x}{dt^2}=(\frac{dx}{dt})^2+2\frac{dx}{dt}$ Suppose that $u=\frac{dy}{dx}$ Now, $\frac{du}{dt}=u^2+2u$ $\frac{du}{u^2+2u}=dt$ Integrating both sides: $\frac{1}{2}\int (\frac{du}{u}-\frac{du}{u+2})=\int dt$ $ \frac{1}{2}\ln \frac{u}{u+2}=t+C$ $\ln \frac{u}{u+2}=e^{2(t+C)}$ $1+\frac{2}{u}=e^{-2(t+C)}$ Hence, $u=\frac{2}{e^{-2(t+C)}-1}$ $\frac{dx}{dt}=\frac{2}{e^{-2(t+C)}-1}$ $dx=\frac{2}{e^{-2(t+C)}-1}dt$ $dx=\frac{2}{2^{k-2t}-1}dt$ Integrating both sides: $\int dx =\frac{2}{2^{k-2t}-1}dt $ The final solution is: $x=-\ln (e^k-e^{2t})+C$
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