Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Appendix B - Review of Partial Fractions - Exercises for B - Problems - Page 803: 17

Answer

\[\frac{3x+4}{(x-3)(x^2+4x+5)}=\frac{1}{2(x-3)}-\frac{x+1}{2(x^2+4x+5)}\]

Work Step by Step

Because $x^2+4x+5$ has no real zero therefore we can not factor it so In this case the general form of the partial fraction decomposition is \[\frac{3x+4}{(x-3)(x^2+4x+5)}=\frac{A}{(x-3)}+\frac{Bx+C}{x^2+4x+5}\;\;\;...(*)\] \[3x+4=A(x^2+4x+5)+(Bx+C)(x-3)\] \[3x+4=A(x^2+4x+5)+(Bx^2-3Bx+Cx-3C)\] \[3x+4=(A+B)x^2+(4A-3B+C)x+(5A-3C)\] Compare like coefficients both sides \[A+B=0\Rightarrow B=-A\;\;\;...(1)\] \[4A-3B+C=3\;\;\;...(2)\] \[5A-3C=4\;\;\;...(3)\] Using (1) in (2) then (2) becomes \[7A+C=3\;\;\;...(4)\] Multiply (4) by 3 then add to (3) \[26A=13\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}\] From (1) \[B=\frac{-1}{2}\] From (4) \[C=\frac{-1}{2}\] From (*) \[\frac{3x+4}{(x-3)(x^2+4x+5)}=\frac{1}{2(x-3)}+\frac{\frac{-1}{2}x+\frac{-1}{2}}{x^2+4x+5}\] \[\frac{3x+4}{(x-3)(x^2+4x+5)}=\frac{1}{2(x-3)}-\frac{x+1}{2(x^2+4x+5)}\] Hence, \[\frac{3x+4}{(x-3)(x^2+4x+5)}=\frac{1}{2(x-3)}-\frac{x+1}{2(x^2+4x+5)}.\]
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