Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 1 - First-Order Differential Equations - 1.11 Some Higher-Order Differential Equations - Problems - Page 106: 14

Answer

$y=\ln (\sec x)+C\ln(\tan x + \sec x)+k$

Work Step by Step

We are given: $y''-y'\tan x=1$ Suppose that $u=\frac{dy}{dx}$ Now, $\frac{du}{dx}=\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}$ Subsitute to the equation: $\frac{du}{dx}-u\tan x=1$ Integrating factor: $I=e^{\int -tan x dx}=e^{-(-\ln |\cos x|)}=\cos x$ The equation becomes: $\frac{d}{dx}(\cos x)=\cos x$ Integrating the last equation: $u \cos x=\sin x + C$ $u=\frac{\sin x +C}{\cos x}$ $\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{\sin x+ C}{\cos x}$ $dy = \frac{\sin x +C}{\cos x}dx$ $dy=(\tan x +\frac{C}{\cos x})dx$ Integrating the last equation: $y=-\ln |\cos x|+C \ln|\tan x +\sec x|+C_1$ $y=\ln (\sec x)+C\ln(\tan x + \sec x)+C_1$ The final solution is: $y=\ln (\sec x)+C\ln(\tan x + \sec x)+k$
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