Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 1 - First-Order Differential Equations - 1.8 Change of Variables - Problems - Page 81: 57

Answer

Answer is written below.

Work Step by Step

\[\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{y}{x}F(xy)\;\;\;\ldots (1)\] Substitute $\: V=xy\;\;\;\ldots (2)$ Differentiate (2) with respect to $x$ \[\frac{dV}{dx}=y+x\frac{dy}{dx}\] From (1) \[\frac{dV}{dx}=y+x\left[\frac{y}{x}F(xy)\right]\] \[\frac{dV}{dx}=y[1+F(xy)]\] From (2) \[\frac{dV}{dx}=\frac{V}{x}[1+F(V)]\] \[\frac{1}{V[F(V)+1]}\frac{dV}{dx}=\frac{1}{x}\] Hence change of variables $V=xy$ transforms the differential equation (1) into separable equation \[\frac{1}{V[F(V)+1]}\frac{dV}{dx}=\frac{1}{x}\]
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