Linear Algebra and Its Applications (5th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 032198238X
ISBN 13: 978-0-32198-238-4

Chapter 1 - Linear Equations in Linear Algebra - 1.4 Exercises - Page 42: 32

Answer

A set three vectors in $\mathbb{R}^4$ cannot span $\mathbb{R}^4$. $n$ vectors in $\mathbb{R}^m$ cannot span $\mathbb{R}^m$.

Work Step by Step

For a set of vectors to span $\mathbb{R}^4$, the set of vectors must contain $4$ pivots. However, each vector can contain at most $1$ pivot. Thus, three vectors in $\mathbb{R}^4$, can contain at most $3$ pivots, less than the $4$ pivots needed to span $\mathbb{R}^4$. Thus, a set of three vectors in $\mathbb{R}^4$ cannot span $\mathbb{R}^4$. Similarly, for $n$ vectors in $\mathbb{R}^m$ to span $\mathbb{R}^m$, the $n$ vectors must contain $m$ pivots. However, because each vector can contain at most 1 pivot, the $n$ vectors can contain at most $n$ pivots. Because the problem states $n$ is less than $m$, the $n$ vectors in $\mathbb{R}^m$ cannot span $\mathbb{R}^m$.
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