Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1285463242
ISBN 13: 978-1-28546-324-7

Chapter 1 - Vectors - 1.2 Length and Angle: The Dot Product - Exercises 1.2 - Page 290: 27

Answer

$\Theta =\;88^\circ 6^{'}$

Work Step by Step

$u=[0.9\;,2.1\;,1.2\;]\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;v=\;[-4.5\;,2.6\;,-0.8\;]\\\\$ $cos \;\Theta\;=\frac{u\;.\;v}{\left \| u \right \|\;.\;\left \| v \right \|} \\\\$ $u\;.v\;=\;(0.9)(-4.5)\;+\;(2.1)(2.6)\;+\;(1.2)(-0.8)\;=\;0.45\\$ $\left \| u \right \|\;=\;\sqrt{(0.9)^2\;+(2.1)^2\;+(1.2)^2}\;=\;2.58\\\\$ $\left \| v \right \|\;=\;\sqrt{(-4.5)^2\;+(2.6)^2\;+(-0.8)^2}\;=\;5.26\\\\$ $cos \;\Theta\;=\frac{u\;.\;v}{\left \| u \right \|\;.\;\left \| v \right \|}\;=\;\frac{0.45}{(2.58)(5.26)}\\\\$ $cos \;\Theta\;=0.033\\\\$ $\Theta \;=\;cos^{-1}(0.033)\;=\;88^\circ 6^{'}$
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