An Introduction to Mathematical Statistics and Its Applications (6th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-13411-421-3
ISBN 13: 978-0-13411-421-7

Chapter 2 Probability - 2.3 The Probability Function - Questions - Page 31: 9

Answer

The probability that someone will be eliminated on the first toss is \[\frac{3}{4}\].

Work Step by Step

When we toss three coins simultaneously, then the possible sample space is \[S=\{HHH,HHT,HTH,HTT,THH,THT,TTH,TTT\}\] Therefore, total numbers of outcome are \[{{2}^{3}}=8\]and the probability of each outcome is \[\frac{1}{8}\] Let event A denote someone will be eliminated on the first toss; that means there is a possibility that either two heads and one tail or two tails and one head. Therefore, the 6 possible outcomes of event A are: \[S=\{HHT,HTH,HTT,THH,THT,TTH\}\] The probability that someone will be eliminated on the first toss is \[\begin{align} & P(A)=P(HHT)+P(HTH)+P(HTT)+PH(THH)+P(HTH)+P(TT) \\ & P(A)=\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8} \\ & P(A)=\frac{6}{8} \\ \end{align}\] The required probability is \[\frac{6}{8}\].
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