Differential Equations and Linear Algebra (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32196-467-5
ISBN 13: 978-0-32196-467-0

Chapter 1 - First-Order Differential Equations - 1.12 Chapter Review - Additional Problems - Page 110: 24

Answer

$C=y\sin x+x-y+x\sin y$

Work Step by Step

We are given: $$\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{\sin y+y \cos x+1}{1-x\cos y -\sin x}$$ $$(\sin y+y \cos x+1)dx-(1-x\cos y -\sin x)dy=0$$ We have that: $$M(x,y)=\sin y+y \cos x+1 \wedge N(x,y)=1-x\cos y -\sin x$$ then $$M'(x,y)=\cos y + \cos x =N'(x,y)$$ So this equation is exist. Let's set: $$\phi(x,y)=0$$ There exists a potential function $\phi$ satisfies: $$\frac{\partial \phi}{\partial x}=M \wedge \frac{\partial \phi}{\partial y}=N$$ $$\frac{\partial \phi}{\partial x}=\sin y+y \cos x+1 \wedge \frac{\partial \phi}{\partial y}=-(1-x\cos y -\sin x)$$ Integrating $\frac{\partial \phi}{\partial x}=\sin y+y \cos x+1 $ we get $$\phi=y\sin x+x+f(y)$$ Since $\frac{\partial \phi}{\partial y}=-1+x\cos y+\sin x$ We obtain: $$f'(y)=-1+x\cos y\rightarrow f(y)=-y+x\sin y+C$$ $C$ is constant of integration The potential solution is: $$\phi=y\sin x+x-y+x\sin y$$ Hence general solution is $C=y\sin x+x-y+x\sin y$
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